Leading Line
Horizon Line
Lighting
Informal Balance
Selective Focus
Framing
Grouping
Texture
History of Photography 

On May 8th, 1840 by Alexander Wolcott, but the first photo was not taken with his invention. He also opened a photography shop in New York.In 1822 a Frenchmen Joseph Nicephore Niepce was the first to create a photogravure used a sliding box to take pictures. He invented the heliography. 1901 the Kodak Brownie was sold on markets to the middle class and only took black and white pictures. Color photography wasn't until the 20th century. In the Popular in the Victorian times was stereoscopic photography,which reproduced images in three dimensions.
Before portrait photography was invented, artist were already devised a method of portrait making. By the mid 19th century photography finally came about to satisfy the new portrait craze. In 1837 Louis Daguerre created an images that was on silver-plated copper, coated with silver iodide and it was "developed" with warmed mercury. Daguerre is awarded a state pension by the French government in exchange for publication of methods and the rights by other French citizens to use the Daguerreotype process that he had invented. In 1855 Nadar Felix Toumachon opens his portrait studio in Paris. He also became the first person to take aerial photographs with his air balloon and as well as the first to photograph below ground, in the Parisian catacombs. In 1854 André-Adolphe-Eugène Disdéri started out by having small photographic image which was mounted on a card which became a mass-production portraiture world famous.